{"id":168,"date":"2008-08-22T10:39:57","date_gmt":"2008-08-22T05:39:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/?p=168"},"modified":"2015-02-05T22:50:43","modified_gmt":"2015-02-05T16:50:43","slug":"sixth-taste-discovered-calcium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/2008\/08\/sixth-taste-discovered-calcium\/","title":{"rendered":"Sixth &#8216;Taste&#8217; Discovered &#8211; Calcium"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_169\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-169\" style=\"width: 163px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/08\/080822-color-calcium-02.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-169\" title=\"080822-color-calcium-01\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/08\/080822-color-calcium-01.jpg?resize=163%2C110\" alt=\"Section of a rat tongue stained for the Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CaSR)\" width=\"163\" height=\"110\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-169\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A section of a rat tongue stained for the calcium-sensing receptor, CaSR, which is in the central, bright green onion-shaped taste bud. Credit: Michael Tordoff <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Here&#8217;s the new taste sensation \u2014 your tongue might be able to taste calcium.<\/p>\n<p>The capability to taste calcium has now been discovered in mice. With these rodents and humans sharing many of the same genes, the new finding suggests that people might also have such a taste.<\/p>\n<p>The four tastes we are most familiar with are sweet, sour, salty and bitter. Recently scientists have discovered tongue molecules called receptors that detect a fifth distinct taste \u2014 &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/health\/060829_bad_tongue.html\" target=\"_blank\">umami<\/a>,&#8221; or savory.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;But why stop there?&#8221; asked researcher Michael Tordoff, a behavioral geneticist at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.monell.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Monell Chemical Senses Center<\/a> in Philadelphia. &#8220;My group has been investigating what we believe is another taste quality \u2014 calcium.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>[ad name=&#8221;post-banner-01&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>So assuming the human palate can detect calcium, what does the mineral taste like?<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Calcium tastes calcium-y,&#8221; Tordoff said. &#8220;There isn&#8217;t a better word for it. It is bitter, perhaps even a little sour. But it&#8217;s much more because there are actual receptors for calcium, not just bitter or sour compounds.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>One way we might regularly perceive calcium is when it comes to minute levels found in drinking water.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;In tap water, it&#8217;s fairly pleasant,&#8221; Tordoff said. &#8220;But at levels much above that, the taste becomes increasingly bad.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>There may be a strong link between the bitterness of certain vegetables and their calcium level. High-calcium vegetables include <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collard_greens\" target=\"_blank\">collard greens<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_cabbage\" target=\"_blank\">bok choy<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kale\" target=\"_blank\">kale<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bitter_melon\" target=\"_blank\">bitter melon<\/a>. One reason some people might avoid these veggies, Tordoff suggests, is because of their calcium taste.<\/p>\n<p>Ironically, while milk and other dairy products are loaded with calcium, the mineral tends to bind to fats and proteins, which prevents you from tasting it in these foods.<\/p>\n<p>A taste receptor designed specifically for calcium <a href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/health\/080805-smell-taste.html\" target=\"_blank\">makes sense for our survival<\/a>, since the mineral is key to cell biology and good bones. Low calcium intakes have been implicated in several chronic diseases in people, including <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Osteoporosis\" target=\"_blank\">osteoporosis<\/a>, obesity and hypertension.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Many animals have a specific calcium appetite, which implies they can detect the mineral and consume sufficient quantities of it to meet their needs,&#8221; Tordoff said.<\/p>\n<p>To investigate how this calcium appetite worked, Tordoff and his colleagues gave 40 different strains of mice a choice between water and a calcium solution to drink.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Most mice dislike calcium, but we found a very unusual strain that drinks it avidly,&#8221; Tordoff said. &#8220;The PWK strain drank about four times more calcium than water.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>By analyzing the DNA of this unusual strain, the researchers were able to identify two genes linked with consuming calcium.<\/p>\n<p>One is a gene for a calcium-sensing receptor called <a href=\"http:\/\/www.genecards.org\/cgi-bin\/carddisp.pl?gene=CASR\" target=\"_blank\">CaSR<\/a>, which has been found by other researchers in the kidney, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/health\/top10_mysteriesofthemind.html\" target=\"_blank\">brain<\/a> and gut.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We didn&#8217;t know it was on the tongue before,&#8221; Tordoff said.<\/p>\n<p>The other is a gene known as <a href=\"http:\/\/www.genenames.org\/data\/hgnc_data.php?hgnc_id=15661\" target=\"_blank\">Tas1r3<\/a>. This is a component of the &#8220;sweet-taste&#8221; receptor \u2014 a finding that researchers described as &#8220;very unexpected.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>By measuring the electrical activity of nerves linking the brain and tongue in mice, &#8220;we can now say with some certainty that calcium is tasted,&#8221; Tordoff said.<\/p>\n<p>While it remains to be seen if this discovery in mice also holds true for humans, &#8220;there are some tantalizing reports that suggest it does,&#8221; Tordoff said. &#8220;We know people have the sweet-taste gene, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.genenames.org\/data\/hgnc_data.php?hgnc_id=15661\" target=\"_blank\">Tas1r3<\/a>, and the gene involved with the calcium-sensing receptor, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.genecards.org\/cgi-bin\/carddisp.pl?gene=CASR\" target=\"_blank\">CaSR<\/a>. We don&#8217;t know if we have the same forms of genes as the mice have, but it seems pretty likely they have the same function.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Confirming the existence of calcium taste receptors in people will require scientists to look at fresh human tongues. Tordoff said, tongue in cheek, that &#8220;hopefully we won&#8217;t have to be sitting by as somebody dies to wait to chop their tongues off \u2014 we&#8217;re not ambulance chasers. There are cases where people have cancer of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/health\/060829_bad_tongue.html\" target=\"_blank\">tongue<\/a> and have to get them removed.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>If calcium taste receptors are found in people, future research could then investigate whether it is possible to bypass these molecules, Tordoff told <a href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">LiveScience<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;People don&#8217;t consume as much calcium as nutritionists would like, and one reason for this is that foods high in calcium don&#8217;t taste good to many people,&#8221; Tordoff said. &#8220;Tweaking its taste could encourage a calcium-deficient population to consume more of this key nutrient.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Tordoff and his colleagues detailed their findings Aug. 20 at the national meeting of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.acs.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">American Chemical Society<\/a> in Philadelphia.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/animals\/080820-acs-calcium-taste.html\" target=\"_blank\">Source<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here&#8217;s the new taste sensation \u2014 your tongue might be able to taste calcium. The capability to taste calcium has now been discovered in mice. With these rodents and humans sharing many of the same genes, the new finding suggests that people might also have such a taste. The four tastes we are most familiar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[132,131,133],"tags":[135,137,134,136],"class_list":["post-168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medical","category-science","category-science-news","tag-calcium","tag-savory","tag-sixth-taste","tag-umami"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sixth &#039;Taste&#039; 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It illustrates interesting facts about some foods which may help us to improve our appearance. 1. Blood oranges, cherries and blueberries Collagen is a natural protein in your skin and muscles that provides resiliency, shape and texture. Unfortunately, collagen production decreases\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Articles&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Articles","link":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/category\/articles\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Blood orange \/\/\u00a9 Anthony-Masterson\/StockFood Creative\/Getty Images","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blstb.msn.com\/i\/26\/3BF85E9FF37F4C02A3C789619D887.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":256,"url":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/2008\/09\/ucla-group-discovers-humongous-prime-number\/","url_meta":{"origin":168,"position":1},"title":"UCLA Group Discovers Humongous Prime Number","author":"Kashif","date":"September 29, 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"Mathematicians at UCLA have discovered a 13 million-digit prime number, a long-sought milestone that makes them eligible for a $100,000 prize. The group found the 46th known Mersenne prime last month on a network of 75 computers running Windows XP. The number was verified by a different computer system running\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Education","link":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/category\/education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":125,"url":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/2008\/08\/hacker-claims-java-bug-affects-millions-of-phones\/","url_meta":{"origin":168,"position":2},"title":"Hacker Claims Java Bug Affects Millions of Phones","author":"Kashif","date":"August 20, 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"A Polish hacker and self professed security expert claims to have discovered vulnerabilities in the mobile Java technology implemented by Nokia in its mid-range S40 devices, potentially putting millions of handsets at risk. Adam Gowdiak, who is in the process of setting up a security research firm, Security Explorations, claims\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Hacking&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Hacking","link":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/category\/security\/hacking\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":24,"url":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/2008\/08\/why-vista-needs-4gb-of-ram\/","url_meta":{"origin":168,"position":3},"title":"Why Vista needs 4GB of RAM","author":"Kashif","date":"August 19, 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"Vista is a pig. It's a voraciously greedy resource hog that gobbles up more system resources than any previous operating system. That much is well documented. It's baffling to note, therefore, that PC-buying punters remain seduced by the big, computational beasts of the component jungle. All too often, PCs are\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Articles&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Articles","link":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/category\/articles\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.logichub.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}